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Chess is played on a board of 64 squares arranged in eight vertical rows called files and eight horizontal rows ♣ called ranks. These squares alternate between two colours: one light, such as white, beige, or yellow; and the other dark, such ♣ as black or green. The board is set between the two opponents so that each player has a light-coloured square at ♣ the right-hand corner. Individual moves and entire games can be recorded using one of several forms of notation. By far the most ♣ widely used form, algebraic (or coordinate) notation, identifies each square from the point of view of the player with the ♣ light-coloured pieces, called White. The eight ranks are numbered 1 through 8 beginning with the rank closest to White. The files are ♣ labeled a through h beginning with the file at White's left hand. Each square has a name consisting of its letter ♣ and number, such as b3 or g8. Additionally, files a through d are referred to as the queenside, and files e ♣ through h as the kingside.See Figure 1. Moves The board represents a battlefield in which two armies fight to capture each other's ♣ king. A player's army consists of 16 pieces that begin play on the two ranks closest to that player. There are six ♣ different types of pieces: king, rook, bishop, queen, knight, and pawn; the pieces are distinguished by appearance and by how ♣ they move. The players alternate moves, White going first. King White's king begins the game on e1. Black's king is opposite at e8. Each ♣ king can move one square in any direction; e.g. , White's king can move from e1 to d1, d2, e2, f2, ♣ or f1. Rook Each player has two rooks (formerly also known as castles), which begin the game on the corner squares ♣ a1 and h1 for White, a8 and h8 for Black. A rook can move vertically or horizontally to any unobstructed square ♣ along the file or rank on which it is placed. Bishop Each player has two bishops, and they begin the game ♣ at c1 and f1 for White, c8 and f8 for Black. A bishop can move to any unobstructed square on the ♣ diagonal on which it is placed. Therefore, each player has one bishop that travels only on light-coloured squares and one bishop ♣ that travels only on dark-coloured squares. Queen Each player has one queen, which combines the powers of the rook and bishop ♣ and is thus the most mobile and powerful piece. The White queen begins at d1, the Black queen at d8. Knight Each ♣ player has two knights, and they begin the game on the squares between their rooks and bishops-i.e. , at b1 and ♣ g1 for White and b8 and g8 for Black. The knight has the trickiest move, an L-shape of two steps: first ♣ one square like a rook, then one square like a bishop, but always in a direction away from the starting ♣ square. A knight at e4 could move to f2, g3, g5, f6, d6, c5, c3, or d2. The knight has the unique ♣ ability to jump over any other piece to reach its destination. It always moves to a square of a different colour. Capturing ♣ The king, rook, bishop, queen, and knight capture enemy pieces in the same manner that they move. For example, a White ♣ queen on d3 can capture a Black rook at h7 by moving to h7 and removing the enemy piece from ♣ the board. Pieces can capture only enemy pieces. Pawns Each player has eight pawns, which begin the game on the second rank ♣ closest to each player; i.e. , White's pawns start at a2, b2, c2, and so on, while Black's pawns start at ♣ a7, b7, c7, and so on. The pawns are unique in several ways. A pawn can move only forward; it can never ♣ retreat. It moves differently than it captures. A pawn moves to the square directly ahead of it but captures on the squares ♣ diagonally in front of it; e.g. , a White pawn at f5 can move to f6 but can capture only on ♣ g6 or e6. An unmoved pawn has the option of moving one or two squares forward. This is the reason for another ♣ peculiar option, called en passant-that is, in passing-available to a pawn when an enemy pawn on an adjoining file advances ♣ two squares on its initial move and could have been captured had it moved only one square. The first pawn can ♣ take the advancing pawn en passant, as if it had advanced only one square. An en passant capture must be made ♣ then or not at all. Only pawns can be captured en passant. The last unique feature of the pawn occurs if it ♣ reaches the end of a file; it must then be promoted to-that is, exchanged for-a queen, rook, bishop, or knight. {nl}O F12 Bet é um site de apostas que oferece uma versão responsiva e adaptável para celulares. No entanto, atualmente, 💴 não há um aplicativo específico disponível para download. 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