Apostas on-line com bônus
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Melhor App de Apostas de FutebolApostas on-line com bônus2023.Veja lista! App de apostas: conheça nossa seleção de melhores aplicativos para apostas que o mercado tem a oferecer para você atualmente. Apps de apostas Bônus e Características Link para Download 1. STAKE Código Bônus Stake: FUTMAX BÔNUS DE PRIMEIRA APOSTA - APOSTAS ESPORTIVAS Stake código bônus: 1ª Aposta entre R$50 e R$150 BAIXAR STAKE APP > 2. BET365 Código Bônus Bet365: FTD365 Novos Clientes: Obtenha até R$200Apostas on-line com bônuscréditos de apostas com o Codigo Bonus Bet365 Retornos excluem valorApostas on-line com bônusCréditos de Aposta Aplicam-se T&C, limites temporais e exclusões BAIXAR BET365 APP > 3. BC GAME Código Bônus BC Game: MAXBET Até 360% de bônus de depósito BAIXAR BC GAME APP > 4. NOVIBET Código Bônus Novibet: NOVIMAX 100% de bônus até R$300 + 30 Rodadas Grátis. BAIXAR NOVIBET APP > 5. MEGAPARI Checar as promoções no site da casa de apostas BAIXAR MEGAPARI APP > 6. PLAYPIX Até R$500 de bônusApostas on-line com bônusesportes BAIXAR PLAYPIX APP > 7.7GAMES. BET Torneios com prêmios milionários BAIXAR 7GAMESBET APP > 8. APOSTAGANHA Diversos jogos de cassino BAIXAR APOSTAGANHA APP > 9. BLAZE Código Bônus Blaze: northstar BÔNUS DE PRIMEIRA APOSTA - APOSTAS ESPORTIVAS BAIXAR BLAZE APP> 10. POKERSTARS Rodadas grátis e promoções exclusivas BAIXAR POKERSTARS APP > 11. PIXBET R$12 por acertar o placar BAIXAR PIXBET APP > 12. BETANO Código Bônus Betano: BETANOMAX Código promocional Betano: Oferta de primeiro depósito até R$500 + Aposta grátis de R$50 (T&C) BAIXAR BETANO APP> O código de bônus FTD365 pode ser usado durante o registro, mas não altera o valor da oferta de forma alguma. Registre-se, deposite R$30* ou mais naApostas on-line com bônusconta e daremos Créditos de Aposta no mesmo valor do seu depósito qualificativo (até R$200*) quando fizer apostas qualificativas no valor de 8 vezes o seu depósito qualificativo e estas apostas forem resolvidas. Apenas para novos clientes.São aplicados T&Cs. Top 10 melhor app de apostas do Brasil para você se divertir pelo celular Stake Bet365 BC Game Novibet PlayPix Megapari 7Games. Bet ApostaGanha Blaze PokerStars PixBet Betano Sem dúvida alguma, uma das coisas mais divertidas para se fazer durante a quarentena ou no tempo vago, é se entreter com um bom aplicativo de apostas esportivas, e que de preferência também tenha um casino embutido emApostas on-line com bônusplataforma, para que as coisas fiquem ainda mais prazerosas. Atualmente, dentro do mercado internacional, existe uma diversidade gigantesca de aplicativos de aposta de futebol ou cassino online e plataformas de apostas diferentes para você utilizar no seu dia a dia, de forma geral. Cada uma tem suas particularidades, pontos positivos e negativos. Casas de apostas como o Rivalo Brasil e outros, são excelentes opções para isso. Por esses motivos, hoje vamos falar um pouco mais sobre as top quatro casas de apostas que disponibilizam para seus clientes aplicativos de aposta, para que eles possam jogar de forma mais tranquila e confortável. Essas plataformas de apostas online são consideradas, dentro do mercado, as melhores, mais adequadas, e que oferecem o maior conforto para seus clientes e jogadores durante todaApostas on-line com bônusjogatina. Abaixo, você vai ter um review completo e super detalhado do que cada uma destas casas de apostas incríveis oferece aos seus usuários que optamApostas on-line com bônusutilizar um app de apostas. Elas não se encontramApostas on-line com bônusuma ordem de melhor para pior, sendo que todas têm seus pontos positivos e também seus pontos negativos a serem levadosApostas on-line com bônusconsideração. Aplicativo Stake: como apostar na casa pelo celular Infelizmente, essa plataforma no momento não disponibiliza nenhum tipo de Stake apostas app. Sendo assim, o acesso móvel do site é feito diretamente através da versão móvel dele. Entretanto, isso não necessariamente é algo totalmente negativo, pelo contrário. A utilização de sites de apostas é totalmente facultativa por parte das plataformas de apostas. Até porque, esse tipo de software apenas é desenvolvido para trazer um pouco mais de conforto para o apostador. Por outro lado, você tem que fazer todo o processo de download, e ele vai ocupar a memória interna do seu dispositivo. Sendo assim, o site móvel acaba sendo uma opção também muito importante para os apostadores no Brasil. Um dos principais fatores positivos sobre o site móvel é que você consegue acessá-loApostas on-line com bônusqualquer navegador. Ele também funcionaApostas on-line com bônusqualquer tipo de dispositivo móvel, não importa se você está utilizando um dispositivo Android ou iOs. Isso faz com que a acessibilidade para esse tipo de serviço seja muito maior. Acessar Stake App > Aplicativo BC Game: o melhor que há por aqui Esse site de apostas não tem um aplicativo próprio, até o momento. Porém, existe uma forma de você conseguir acessar a plataforma de uma maneira mais prática. BC Game tem um excelente site mobile, e é ele que você vai utilizar para fazer as suas apostas. Para facilitar o seu acesso, entre no site, através do navegador deApostas on-line com bônuspreferência, e faça o seu login. Agora, você vai acessar as configurações do seu navegador, e escolher a opção de criar um atalho para a página atual. Dependendo do navegador, a opção será "Instalar Aplicativo". Basta clicarApostas on-line com bônuscima dessa opção, e depois escolher o diretório no qual você vai colocar o atalho. Nossa recomendação é que você coloque o atalho diretamente na tela inicial do seu celular. Assim, sempre que você quiser acessar a plataforma, é só clicar no atalho e começar a se divertir. Para que você tenha mais praticidade, é recomendado utilizar navegadores como o Google Chrome ou o Opera GG. ACESSAR BC GAME APP >> Aplicativo Blaze: como apostar de qualquer lugar O aplicativo dessa plataforma de apostas atualmente está disponível tanto para Android quanto para iOS. Utilizando-o, você vai conseguir ter bastante praticidade na hora de fazer as suas apostas onde quer que esteja. A casa oferece um Blaze app, com uma experiência de usuário interessante para você aproveitar. Ele permite que você consiga acessar todos os recursos da plataforma principal. O processo de download desse aplicativo é feito diretamente através do site da Blaze. É só você acessar a plataforma de apostas, fazer o seu login, e depois ir para o setor de downloads. Você receberá um prompt na tela do seu celular, perguntando se você quer fazer o download através do navegador. Basta que você aceite o processo de download para conseguir instalar o aplicativo assim que ele for baixado. E não se preocupe, o aplicativo é totalmente confiável. Você pode instalá-lo sem problemas. BAIXAR BLAZE APP> Aplicativo Bet365: o que ele tem a oferecer Sendo bem honesto, o aplicativo do Bet365 pode superar muito as suas expectativas. O design oferecido pela plataformaApostas on-line com bônusseu app de apostas é inspirador e intuitivo, o que torna a navegação dentro do aplicativo sempre muito prática e direta. O download também é realizado de forma simples e descomplicada, levando apenas alguns momentos para que você tenha o aplicativo funcionando de forma integralApostas on-line com bônusseu aparelho smartphone, seja ele um Android (Bet365 apk) ou iOs. Neste aplicativo de aposta de futebol, esportesApostas on-line com bônusgeral e cassino, você pode fazer suas apostas mesmo da partida começar mas, se preferir, também pode fazer apostas ao vivo, enquanto o jogo está acontecendo. Esse tipo de aposta,Apostas on-line com bônustempo real, é uma boa pedida para garantir a diversão enquanto assiste a um jogo com os amigos e família com odds vantajosas disponível. O Bet365 Brasil oferece,Apostas on-line com bônusseu aplicativo, uma grande variedade de mercados de aposta diferentes para você se entreter. O aplicativo conta com tudo o que você precisa para ser divertir, oferecendo tudo o que a plataforma principal oferece no acessoApostas on-line com bônusdesktop/computador. No aplicativo você pode ver todas as estatísticas, ter acesso a ofertas de aposta, e até mesmo assistir a transmissões ao vivo pelo sistema de streaming que a plataforma oferece! Um super plus pra quem quer assistir e apostarApostas on-line com bônusuma partida, mas não estáApostas on-line com bônuscasa. BAIXAR BET365 APP > Aplicativo ApostaGanha: que ferramentas ele oferece O ApostaGanha app está disponível para todos os cadastrados do site. Por meio do aplicativo, você vai conseguir fazer vários tipos de apostas diferentes usando apenas o seu smartphone. O aplicativo está disponível para dispositivos Android no momento. Usuários de dispositivos iOS vão poder utilizar o site móvel da plataforma para realizar suas apostas. Ambos os métodos de acesso móvel são muito interessantes. Porém, o aplicativo acaba sendo mais indicado para quem quer ter praticidade na hora das apostas. O acesso dele é bem dinâmico e prático, que você vai poder usá-loApostas on-line com bônusqualquer lugar. Um dos melhores pontos do aplicativo é aApostas on-line com bônusmobilidade. Se você estiver fora de casa, ainda assim vai poder realizar suas apostas através dele. E dentro do aplicativo você encontra todos os recursos e ferramentas especiais que a plataforma oferece para seus apostadores. Isso inclui desde promoções e ofertas, até todos os métodos de pagamento. ApostarApostas on-line com bônusGalera Bet app >> Aplicativo PixBet: que recursos há por aqui A primeira coisa que você tem que saber sobre o Pixbet app, é que ele funciona apenasApostas on-line com bônusdispositivos Android. Até o momento, o site ainda não divulgou se vai ou não oferecer um aplicativo para dispositivos iOS. O aplicativo da plataforma é bem completo, e permite que você tenha acesso a todas as opções de diversão do site. Isso também inclui outros tipos de ferramentas, como bônus, promoções, métodos de pagamento, e também saques. O aplicativo tem uma experiência de usuário bem interessante, e permite uma navegação prática através dos serviços oferecidos. Apostadores iniciantes e veteranos vão poder aproveitar muito o aplicativo de uma maneira eficiente. Quem está utilizando um dispositivo iOS ainda assim vai poder acessar de maneira móvel a plataforma. O próprio site tem uma versão mobile excelente, que funcionaApostas on-line com bônusqualquer tipo de dispositivo móvel. Você pode acessá-la utilizando o navegador daApostas on-line com bônuspreferência. ACESSAR PIXBET APP> Aplicativo Betano: qual a melhor forma de utilizar Este aplicativo, um dos melhores apps do mercado, emApostas on-line com bônusversão para iOS ou Betano app, assim como toda a plataforma do Betano Brasil de forma geral, é voltado principalmente para aqueles jogadores e usuários que têm como uma das maiores paixões deApostas on-line com bônusvida: o futebol. Nesse app de apostas futebol ou casino, você encontra cobertura quase que total para a grande maioria dos eventos futebolísticos que estão acontecendo ao redor do mundo, o tempo todo. Além disso, você também tem aApostas on-line com bônusdisposição uma grande variedade de recursos e funcionalidades, boas odds disponível, e um código promocional Betano para aproveitar ainda mais tudo isso. Baixar Betano App > Como escolher um bom aplicativo de apostas online para seu smartphone Por mais que você já tenha entendido que todos estes aplicativos de aposta de futebol ou cassino são de muita qualidade, é preciso que você tenhaApostas on-line com bônusmente de que é preciso saber escolher com tranquilidade para poder fazer uma escolha assertiva entre as melhores. Agora vamos falar um pouco mais sobre como é o processo de escolha de um aplicativo que atenda a todas as suas necessidades de aposta ao vivo, criando para você um ambiente seguro e tranquilo, no qual você se sinta confortável para fazerApostas on-line com bônusjogatina. Bem, vamos dividir esta análiseApostas on-line com bônusalguns fatores importantes, então preste bastante atenção e decida quais desses fatores são mais relevantes para aApostas on-line com bônusescolha final. Interface e conforto no uso Uma das coisas que você deve reparar, que faz muita diferença para qualquer bom apostador, ou simplesmente para quem quer se sentir à vontade, é a qualidade na experiência do usuário dentro da plataforma e do aplicativo. Leve sempreApostas on-line com bônusconta, na hora de fazer aApostas on-line com bônusescolha, como você se sente usando o aplicativo. Isto faz uma gigantesca diferença no dia a dia, já que terApostas on-line com bônusmãos um aplicativo com o qual você não se sente confortável, pode lhe desmotivar a fazer novas apostas, e consequentemente acaba com a diversão que os jogos devem proporcionar. Ofertas de boas-vindas e promoções Outro ponto extremamente importante, que deve ser levadoApostas on-line com bônusconsideração, é a qualidade e extensão das bonificações de boas-vindas oferecidas na plataforma. Essas bonificações fazem com que todo o processo de aposta se torne muito mais divertido e recompensante. Algumas bonificações são incríveis e concedem a seus jogadores muitas chances diferentes de conquistar mais vitórias durante suas apostas. Mas há sempre um porém, e cada bonificação tem seus termos e condições específicos. Por isso é tão importante que você sempre faça a leitura integral dos termos e condições das bonificações que são oferecidas pela plataforma, assim você pode fazer uma escolha muito mais consciente e entender quais serão os contras e prós de cada promoção e bonificação oferecida. Opções de apostas diferentes De nada adianta você escolher uma plataforma que não tenha uma boa seleção de apostas disponibilizadas para que você se divertir, né? Este é um ponto extremamente importante, e que você deve sempre levarApostas on-line com bônusconsideração quando for escolher um aplicativo de aposta de futebol ou outros esportes para instalarApostas on-line com bônusseu smartphone. Uma boa quantidade de mercados de apostas torna tudo muito mais amplo, criando novas experiências emocionantes. Por isso, é importante que você verifique cautelosamente quais são as opções de apostas presentesApostas on-line com bônuscada aplicativo. Dessa forma, você evita um jogo de opções limitadas. Recursos especiais Esse é outro ponto crucial para quem está entrando no mundo das apostas e quer encontrar um excelente aplicativo para se divertir. Recursos diferenciados tornam tudo muito mais delicioso e prazeroso. Dentre as opções de recursos especiais que você deve procurar dentro de um aplicativo de apostas esportivas, as que mais se destacam são o streaming ao vivo, a possibilidade de realizar apostas ao vivo e, por fim, mas não menos importante, o recurso de Cash out. Com o recurso de Cash Out você tem maior controle sobre as suas apostas, podendo reduzir suas perdas e garantir seus lucros antes que a aposta seja encerrada. Isso cria toda uma nova gama de estratégias que podem ser utilizadas dentro de uma aposta esportiva. Streaming ao vivo Como você já deve ter percebido, a opção de assistir as partidas nas quais está realizando suas apostas é algo incrível. É desta forma que você pode se divertir e realizar apostas ao vivo com mais certeza de suas estratégias. Certifique-se de que o aplicativo de apostas de futebol ou casino que você selecionou para utilizar ofereça este recurso, já que é uma opção de entretenimento incrível, que não deve ser ignorada, ou sequer deve ser ausente dentro da plataforma e do aplicativo que você selecionou para utilizar. Opções de movimentação bancária Por fim, um ponto extremamente importante: é necessário que o aplicativo e a plataforma que você selecionou ofereçam para uma boa gama de opções de movimentação bancária, seja para depósitos ou para saque do saldo deApostas on-line com bônusconta. Assim sendo, as mais importantes opções de movimentação bancária que devem aparecer dentro da plataforma que você selecionou são as seguintes: transferência bancária direta, cartão de crédito e débito, boletos bancários e, por fim, carteiras digitais. Caso a plataforma que você está analisando para utilizar ofereça esses tipos de movimentação bancária, tranquilize-se e saiba que a plataforma tem uma boa gama, criando para você um ambiente seguro, onde seus dados muito provavelmente estão protegidos contra qualquer tipo de ataque. Como fazer o download de um aplicativo de apostas online no Brasil Por mais fácil que possa parecer, realizar o download de um bom aplicativo de apostas esportivas para o seu smartphone pode ser um desafio. Talvez você até já saiba disso, mas dependendo do sistema operacional de seu smartphone, o processo muda inteiramente. Para te ajudar a entender melhor esse processo de download, fizemos um passo a passo com todas as instruções relevantes. Primeiro passo: registro na plataforma Sem sombra de dúvidas, o primeiro passo é um dos mais importantes. É muito mais prático realizar o seu registro na plataforma utilizando o site desktop, porém estes sites estão cada vezes mais otimizados para navegação mobile. Então, se você não tiver um computador por perto, pode fazer seu cadastro no site de apostas diretamente pelo navegador do celular ou tablet. Para realizar o registro, basta que você acesse a aba de registros e preencha o formulário da plataforma, entregando a eles todas as informações solicitadas necessárias. Após fazer isso, escolha qual aApostas on-line com bônusbonificação de boas-vindas desejada e, então, dê prosseguimento ao registro, escolhendo qual opção de depósito você usará e então inserindo o código bônus para poder ter a bonificação desejada acoplada aApostas on-line com bônusconta. Segundo passo: Baixe o aplicativo para Android ou IOS Fazer o download do aplicativo para dispositivos que operam com o sistema operacional Android é um pouco mais complicado, e requer atenção extra. Para conseguir fazer o download de qualquer tipo de aplicativo de apostas de futebol ou casino, é necessário que você faça o download diretamente do site originário da plataforma. Isso acontece porque o Google tem diretrizes de segurança contra este tipo de aplicativo emApostas on-line com bônusPlay Store. Para realizar o download, entretanto, é necessário que você desative a opção de segurança contra downloads realizadosApostas on-line com bônusseu navegador. Com esta opção desativada, basta acessar a plataforma originária do aplicativo desejado, ir na seção de downloads e fazer o download do aplicativo apk, instalando-oApostas on-line com bônusseguida, para então fazer seu login com o registro que criou anteriormente. Para usuários de sistemas operacionais iOS, tudo é bem mais prático, já que basta você acessar a Apple Store e procurar pelo aplicativo na busca. Essa diferença acontece porque a Apple tem uma diretriz muito mais ampla e tranquila com relação à apostas. Perguntas frequentes sobre aplicativos de apostas: Posso apostar através de um tablet? Sim, o aplicativo está disponível para tablet e celular. O que é uma bonificação? A bonificação é uma forma de aumentar o saldo deApostas on-line com bônusconta sem ter que gastar mais. Quais as vantagens de usar o aplicativo? Com o aplicativo você tem muito mais conforto e pode acessar a plataforma onde quer que esteja. Aplicativo é seguro? Sim, o aplicativo conta com diversos métodos de segurança. A plataforma é segura? Sim, as plataformas mencionadas nesta lista são inteiramente seguras. Posso conferir as licenças de funcionamento da plataforma? Sim, basta acessar a plataforma originária de cada uma das casas de apostas. Posso selecionar outros métodos de movimentação bancária? Os métodos disponíveis são os únicos que podem ser utilizados. Como instalar o aplicativo? Basta seguir o passo a passo detalhado já indicado dentro deste guia. Todas as plataformas de apostas possuem um aplicativo? Não, algumas plataformas de aposta preferem utilizar apenas um site otimizado. Atualização mais recente : Agosto 2023 Aplicam-se os termos e condições do Bet365 / Apenas novos usuários Este artigo detalha as condições do código bônus da Bet365 Nenhum método de pagamento poderá ser utilizado, seja para fazer o seu depósito qualificativo ou qualquer saque subsequente de retornos resultantes de apostas realizadas com Créditos de Aposta, a menos que você tenhaApostas on-line com bônusconta verificada. {nl}jogo de futebol feminino que estava sob a sombra de uma das mais bem sucedidas e admiradas da cidade, a Primeira Divisão, que já contava com clubes amadores, foi uma grande conquista na história, não só pela cidade de São Paulo (campeã brasileira), mas também pela região, pois é um local que merece muita emoção para os jogadores dos clubes profissionais, além de atrair a simpatia dos torcedores,Apostas on-line com bônusespecial dos universitários. Assim surgia a primeira fase do Campeonato Paulista. O maior e mais importante torneio da cidade de São Paulo foi a Copa do Brasil, disputada entre 17 de junho e 17 de agosto, realizadaApostas on-line com bônusvários estádios no interior de São Paulo. Devido à evolução política, os órgãos colegiados da Federação Paulista de Futebol não são órgãos colegiados, pois são órgãos colegiados para a administração do clube de campeonatos da cidade. No mesmo ano, as seleções se separaram. sorte net betaplicativo da bet nacional atualizadaver bet apostamelhor site de aposta esportiva. aposta bonus de cadastro Team sport played with a spherical ball "Soccer" redirects here. For other uses, see Soccer (disambiguation) Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer,[a] is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each, who primarily use their feet to propel a ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is to score more goals than the opposing team by moving the ball beyond the goal line into a rectangular-framed goal defended by the opposing team. Traditionally, the game has been played over two 45-minute halves, for a total match time of 90 minutes. With an estimated 250 million players active in over 200 countries and territories, it is the world's most popular sport. The game of association football is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game, a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the IFAB since 1886. The game is played with a football that is 68–70 cm (27–28 in) in circumference. The two teams compete to get the ball into the other team's goal (between the posts and under the bar), thereby scoring a goal. When the ball is in play, the players mainly use their feet, but may use any other part of their body, except for their hands or arms, to control, strike, or pass the ball. Only the goalkeepers may use their hands and arms, and only then within the penalty area. The team that has scored more goals at the end of the game is the winner. Depending on the format of the competition, an equal number of goals scored may result in a draw being declared, or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout.[5] Internationally, association football is governed by FIFA. Under FIFA, there are six continental confederations: AFC, CAF, CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, OFC and UEFA. Of these confederations, CONMEBOL is the oldest one, being founded in 1916. National associations (e.g. The FA or JFA) are responsible for managing the game in their own countries both professionally and at an amateur level, and coordinating competitions in accordance with the Laws of the Game. The most senior and prestigious international competitions are the FIFA World Cup and the FIFA Women's World Cup. The men's World Cup is the most-viewed sporting event in the world, surpassing the Olympic Games. [6] The two most prestigious competitions in European club football are the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Women's Champions League, which attract an extensive television audience throughout the world. Since 2009, the final of the men's tournament has been the most-watched annual sporting event in the world.[7]Name Association football is one of a family of football codes that emerged from various ball games played worldwide since antiquity. Within the English-speaking world, the sport is now usually called "football" in Great Britain and most of Ulster in the north of Ireland, whereas people usually call it "soccer" in regions and countries where other codes of football are prevalent, such as Australia,[8] Canada, South Africa, most of Ireland (excluding Ulster),[9] and the United States; in Japan, the game is also primarily called sakkā (サッカー), derived from "soccer". A notable exception is New Zealand, where in the first two decades of the 21st century, under the influence of international television, "football" has been gaining prevalence, despite the dominance of other codes of football, namely rugby union and rugby league.[10] The term soccer comes from Oxford "-er" slang, which was prevalent at the University of Oxford in England from about 1875, and is thought to have been borrowed from the slang of Rugby School. Initially spelled assoccer, it was later reduced to the modern spelling. [11] This form of slang also gave rise to rugger for rugby football, fiver and tenner for five pound and ten pound notes, and the now-archaic footer that was also a name for association football. [12] The word soccer arrived at its final form in 1895 and was first recorded in 1889 in the earlier form of socca.[13]History Kicking ball games arose independently multiple times across multiple cultures. [b] Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. [15][16] An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a stele of c. 375–400 BCE in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens[14] appears on the UEFA European Championship trophy. [17] Athenaeus, writing in 228 CE, mentions the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. [18][19][20][21][22][23] As with pre-codified mob football, the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking it.[24][25] The Chinese competitive game cuju (蹴鞠, literally "kick ball"; also known as tsu chu) resembles modern association football. [26] Cuju players could use any part of the body apart from hands and the intent was to kick a ball through an opening into a net. During the Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE), cuju games were standardised and rules were established. [18] Other East Asian games included kemari in Japan and chuk-guk in Korea, both influenced by cuju. [27][28] Kemari originated after the year 600 during the Asuka period. It was a ceremonial rather than a competitive game, and involved the kicking of a mari, a ball made of animal skin. [29] In North America, pasuckuakohowog was a ball game played by the Algonquians; it was described as "almost identical to the kind of folk football being played in Europe at the same time, in which the ball was kicked through goals".[30] Association football in itself does not have a classical history. [17] Notwithstanding any similarities to other ball games played around the world, FIFA has described that no historical connection exists with any game played in antiquity outside Europe. [31] The history of football in England dates back to at least the eighth century. [32] The modern rules of association football are based on the mid-19th century efforts to standardise the widely varying forms of football played in the public schools of England. The "Laws of the University Foot Ball Club" (Cambridge Rules) of 1856 The Cambridge rules, first drawn up at the University of Cambridge in 1848, were particularly influential in the development of subsequent codes, including association football. The Cambridge rules were written at Trinity College, Cambridge, at a meeting attended by representatives from Eton, Harrow, Rugby, Winchester and Shrewsbury schools. They were not universally adopted. During the 1850s, many clubs unconnected to schools or universities were formed throughout the English-speaking world to play various forms of football. Some came up with their own distinct codes of rules, most notably the Sheffield Football Club, formed by former public school pupils in 1857,[33] which led to the formation of a Sheffield FA in 1867. In 1862, John Charles Thring of Uppingham School also devised an influential set of rules.[34] These ongoing efforts contributed to the formation of The Football Association (The FA) in 1863, which first met on the morning of 26 October 1863 at the Freemasons' Tavern in Great Queen Street, London. [35] The only school to be represented on this occasion was Charterhouse. The Freemasons' Tavern was the setting for five more meetings of The FA between October and December 1863; the English FA eventually issued the first comprehensive set of rules named Laws of the Game, forming modern football. At the final meeting, the first FA treasurer, the representative from Blackheath F.C. , withdrew his club from the FA over the removal of two draft rules at the previous meeting: the first allowed for running with the ball in hand; the second for obstructing such a run by hacking (kicking an opponent in the shins), tripping and holding. Other English rugby clubs followed this lead and did not join the FA, and instead in 1871 formed the Rugby Football Union. The eleven remaining clubs, under the charge of Ebenezer Cobb Morley, went on to ratify the original thirteen laws of the game. [35] These rules included handling of the ball by "marks" and the lack of a crossbar, rules which made it remarkably similar to Victorian rules football being developed at that time in Australia. The Sheffield FA played by its own rules until the 1870s, with the FA absorbing some of its rules until there was little difference between the games.[36] The world's oldest football competition is the FA Cup, which was founded by the footballer and cricketer Charles W. Alcock, and has been contested by English teams since 1872. The first official international football match also took place in 1872, between Scotland and England in Glasgow, again at the instigation of Alcock. England is also home to the world's first football league, which was founded in Birmingham in 1888 by Aston Villa director William McGregor. [37] The original format contained 12 clubs from the Midlands and Northern England.[38] Laws of the Game are determined by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). [39] The board was formed in 1886[40] after a meeting in Manchester of the Football Association, the Scottish Football Association, the Football Association of Wales, and the Irish Football Association. FIFA, the international football body, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that they would adhere to the Laws of the Game of the Football Association. [41] The growing popularity of the international game led to the admittance of FIFA representatives to the IFAB in 1913. The board consists of four representatives from FIFA and one representative from each of the four British associations.[42] For most of the 20th century, Europe and South America were the dominant regions in association football. The FIFA World Cup, inaugurated in 1930, became the main stage for players of both continents to show their worth and the strength of their national teams. [43] In the second half of the century, the European Cup and the Copa Libertadores were created, and the champions of these two club competitions would contest the Intercontinental Cup to prove which team was the best in the world.[44] In the 21st century, South America has continued to produce some of the best footballers in the world,[45] but its clubs have fallen behind the still dominant European clubs, which often sign the best players from Latin America and elsewhere. [43][45] Meanwhile, football has improved in Africa, Asia and North America,[45] and nowadays, these regions are at least on equal grounds with South America in club football,[46] although countries in the Caribbean and Oceania regions (except Australia) have yet to make a mark in international football. [47][48] When it comes to national teams, however, Europeans and South Americans continue to dominate the FIFA World Cup, as no team from any other region has managed to even reach the final.[43][45] Football is played at a professional level all over the world. Millions of people regularly go to football stadiums to follow their favourite teams,[49] while billions more watch the game on television or on the internet. [50][51] A very large number of people also play football at an amateur level. According to a survey conducted by FIFA published in 2001, over 240 million people from more than 200 countries regularly play football. [52] Football has the highest global television audience in sport.[53] In many parts of the world, football evokes great passions and plays an important role in the life of individual fans, local communities, and even nations. Ryszard Kapuściński says that Europeans who are polite, modest, or humble fall easily into rage when playing or watching football games. [54] The Ivory Coast national football team helped secure a truce to the nation's civil war in 2006[55] and it helped further reduce tensions between government and rebel forces in 2007 by playing a match in the rebel capital of Bouaké, an occasion that brought both armies together peacefully for the first time. [56] By contrast, football is widely considered to have been the final proximate cause for the Football War in June 1969 between El Salvador and Honduras. [57] The sport also exacerbated tensions at the beginning of the Croatian War of Independence of the 1990s, when a match between Dinamo Zagreb and Red Star Belgrade degenerated into rioting in May 1990.[58] Women's association football has historically seen opposition, with national associations severely curbing its development and several outlawing it completely. Restrictions started to be reduced in the 1970s and the first official women's World Cup[c] was the 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup in China with only 12 teams from the respective six confederations. By the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup in France, this had increased to 24 national teams, and a record-breaking 1. 12 billion viewers watched the competition. [59]Women may have been playing football for as long as the game has existed. Evidence shows that a similar ancient game (cuju, or tsu chu) was played by women during the Han dynasty (25–220 CE), as female figures are depicted in frescoes of the period playing tsu chu. [60] There are also reports of annual football matches played by women in Midlothian, Scotland, during the 1790s.[62][63] North team of the British Ladies', the first organised women's football team, here pictured in March 1895 Association football, the modern game, has documented early involvement of women. [63] In 1863, football governing bodies introduced standardised rules to prohibit violence on the pitch, making it more socially acceptable for women to play. [64] The first match recorded by the Scottish Football Association took place in 1892 in Glasgow. [62] In England, the first recorded game of football between women took place in 1895. [64] Women's football has traditionally been associated with charity games and physical exercise, particularly in the United Kingdom.[65] The best-documented early European team was founded by activist Nettie Honeyball in England in 1894. It was named the British Ladies' Football Club. Honeyball is quoted as, "I founded the association late last year [1894], with the fixed resolve of proving to the world that women are not the 'ornamental and useless' creatures men have pictured. I must confess, my convictions on all matters where the sexes are so widely divided are all on the side of emancipation, and I look forward to the time when ladies may sit in Parliament and have a voice in the direction of affairs, especially those which concern them most. "[66] Honeyball and those like her paved the way for women's football. However, the women's game was frowned upon by the British football associations and continued without their support. It has been suggested that this was motivated by a perceived threat to the "masculinity" of the game.[67] Women's football became popular on a large scale at the time of the First World War, when female employment in heavy industry spurred the growth of the game, much as it had done for men 50 years earlier. The most successful team of the era was Dick, Kerr Ladies F.C. of Preston, England. The team played in one of the first women's international matches against a French XI team in 1920,[68][69] and also made up most of the England team against a Scottish Ladies XI in the same year, winning 22–0.[62] Despite being more popular than some men's football events, with one match seeing a 53,000 strong crowd in 1920,[70][71] women's football in England suffered a blow in 1921 when The Football Association outlawed the playing of the game on association members' pitches,[72] stating that "the game of football is quite unsuitable for females and should not be encouraged". [73] Players and football writers have argued that this ban was, in fact, due to envy of the large crowds that women's matches attracted,[71] and because the FA had no control over the money made from the women's game. [73] The FA ban led to the formation of the short-lived English Ladies Football Association and play moved to rugby grounds.[74] Young Finnish girls football team of Kolarin Kontio in Piteå, Sweden, in 2014 Association football continued to be played by women since the time of the first recorded women's games in the late 19th century. [65][75] In December 1969, the Women's Football Association was formed in England,[65][76] and in 1971, Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) members voted to officially recognise women's football. [65] Also in 1971, The Football Association rescinded the ban that prohibited women from playing on association members' pitches. [76] In the late 1960s and early 1970s, women's association football was organised in the United Kingdom, eventually becoming the most prominent team sport for British women. [65] Women's football also faced bans in several other countries, notably in Brazil from 1941 to 1979,[77] in France from 1941 to 1970,[78] and in Germany from 1955 to 1970.[79] Women's football still faces many struggles, but its worldwide growth[80] has seen major competitions being launched at both the national and international levels, mirroring the men's competitions. The FIFA Women's World Cup was inaugurated in 1991 and has been held every four years since,[81] while women's football has been an Olympic event since 1996. [82] North America is the dominant region in women's football, with the United States winning most FIFA Women's World Cups and Olympic tournaments. Europe and Asia come second and third in terms of international success,[83][84] and the women's game has been improving in South America.[85]Gameplay One half of a professional football match (45 minutes) between Slovenian clubs NK Nafta 1903 and NK Dob. The result after the half is 0–0. Association football is played in accordance with a set of rules known as the Laws of the Game. The game is played using a spherical ball of 68–70 cm (27–28 in) circumference,[86] known as the football (or soccer ball). Two teams of eleven players each compete to get the ball into the other team's goal (between the posts and under the bar), thereby scoring a goal. The team that has scored more goals at the end of the game is the winner; if both teams have scored an equal number of goals then the game is a draw. Each team is led by a captain who has only one official responsibility as mandated by the Laws of the Game: to represent their team in the coin toss before kick-off or penalty kicks.[5] The primary law is that players other than goalkeepers may not deliberately handle the ball with their hands or arms during play, though they must use both their hands during a throw-in restart. Although players usually use their feet to move the ball around, they may use any part of their body (notably, "heading" with the forehead)[87] other than their hands or arms. [88] Within normal play, all players are free to play the ball in any direction and move throughout the pitch, though players may not pass to teammates who are in an offside position.[89] During gameplay, players attempt to create goal-scoring opportunities through individual control of the ball, such as by dribbling, passing the ball to a teammate, and by taking shots at the goal, which is guarded by the opposing goalkeeper. Opposing players may try to regain control of the ball by intercepting a pass or through tackling the opponent in possession of the ball; however, physical contact between opponents is restricted. Football is generally a free-flowing game, with play stopping only when the ball has left the field of play or when play is stopped by the referee for an infringement of the rules. After a stoppage, play recommences with a specified restart.[90] A player executing a slide tackle to dispossess an opponent At a professional level, most matches produce only a few goals. For example, the 2005–06 season of the English Premier League produced an average of 2.48 goals per match. [91] The Laws of the Game do not specify any player positions other than goalkeeper,[92] but a number of specialised roles have evolved. [93] Broadly, these include three main categories: strikers, or forwards, whose main task is to score goals; defenders, who specialise in preventing their opponents from scoring; and midfielders, who dispossess the opposition and keep possession of the ball to pass it to the forwards on their team. Players in these positions are referred to as outfield players, to distinguish them from the goalkeeper. These positions are further subdivided according to the area of the field in which the player spends the most time. For example, there are central defenders and left and right midfielders. The ten outfield players may be arranged in any combination. The number of players in each position determines the style of the team's play; more forwards and fewer defenders creates a more aggressive and offensive-minded game, while the reverse creates a slower, more defensive style of play. While players typically spend most of the game in a specific position, there are few restrictions on player movement, and players can switch positions at any time. [94] The layout of a team's players is known as a formation. Defining the team's formation and tactics is usually the prerogative of the team's manager.[95]Laws "Rules of football" redirects here. For the rules of other football games, see Football There are 17 laws in the official Laws of the Game, each containing a collection of stipulations and guidelines. The same laws are designed to apply to all levels of football for both sexes, although certain modifications for groups such as juniors, seniors and people with physical disabilities are permitted. [d] The laws are often framed in broad terms, which allow flexibility in their application depending on the nature of the game. The Laws of the Game are published by FIFA, but are maintained by the IFAB. [96] In addition to the seventeen laws, numerous IFAB decisions and other directives contribute to the regulation of association football. [97][98] Within the United States, Major League Soccer used a distinct ruleset during the 1990s[99] and the National Federation of State High School Associations and National Collegiate Athletic Association still use rulesets that are comparable to, but different from, the IFAB Laws. Players, equipment, and officials The referee officiates in a football match Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes), one of whom must be the goalkeeper. Competition rules may state a minimum number of players required to constitute a team, which is usually seven. Goalkeepers are the only players allowed to play the ball with their hands or arms, provided they do so within the penalty area in front of their own goal. Though there are a variety of positions in which the outfield (non-goalkeeper) players are strategically placed by a coach, these positions are not defined or required by the Laws.[92] The basic equipment or kit players are required to wear includes a shirt, shorts, socks, footwear and adequate shin guards. An athletic supporter and protective cup is highly recommended for male players by medical experts and professionals. [100][101] Headgear is not a required piece of basic equipment, but players today may choose to wear it to protect themselves from head injury. [102] Players are forbidden to wear or use anything that is dangerous to themselves or another player, such as jewellery or watches. The goalkeeper must wear clothing that is easily distinguishable from that worn by the other players and the match officials.[103] A number of players may be replaced by substitutes during the course of the game. The maximum number of substitutions permitted in most competitive international and domestic league games is five in 90 minutes,[104] with each team being allowed one more if the game should go into extra-time; the permitted number may vary in other competitions or in friendly matches. Common reasons for a substitution include injury, tiredness, ineffectiveness, a tactical switch, or timewasting at the end of a finely poised game. In standard adult matches, a player who has been substituted may not take further part in a match. [105] IFAB recommends "that a match should not continue if there are fewer than seven players in either team". Any decision regarding points awarded for abandoned games is left to the individual football associations.[106] A game is officiated by a referee, who has "full authority to enforce the Laws of the Game in connection with the match to which he has been appointed" (Law 5), and whose decisions are final. The referee is assisted by two assistant referees. In many high-level games there is also a fourth official who assists the referee and may replace another official should the need arise.[107] Goal line technology is used to measure if the whole ball has crossed the goal-line thereby determining whether a goal has been scored or not; this was brought in to prevent controversy. Video assistant referees (VAR) have also been increasingly introduced in high-level matches to assist officials through video replays to correct clear and obvious mistakes. There are four types of calls that can be reviewed: mistaken identity in awarding a red or yellow card, goals and whether there was a violation during the buildup, direct red card decisions, and penalty decisions.[108]Ball The ball is spherical with a circumference of between 68 and 70 cm (27 and 28 in), a weight in the range of 410 to 450 g (14 to 16 oz), and a pressure between 0.6 and 1. 1 standard atmospheres (8.5 and 15. 6 pounds per square inch) at sea level. In the past the ball was made up of leather panels sewn together, with a latex bladder for pressurisation, but modern balls at all levels of the game are now synthetic.[109][110]Pitch Standard pitch measurements As the Laws were formulated in England, and were initially administered solely by the four British football associations within IFAB, the standard dimensions of a football pitch were originally expressed in imperial units. The Laws now express dimensions with approximate metric equivalents (followed by traditional units in brackets), though use of imperial units remains popular in English-speaking countries with a relatively recent history of metrication (or only partial metrication), such as Britain.[111] The length of the pitch, or field, for international adult matches is in the range of 100–110 m (110–120 yd) and the width is in the range of 64–75 m (70–80 yd). Fields for non-international matches may be 90–120 m (100–130 yd) in length and 45–90 m (50–100 yd) in width, provided that the pitch does not become square. In 2008, the IFAB initially approved a fixed size of 105 m (115 yd) long and 68 m (74 yd) wide as a standard pitch dimension for international matches;[112] however, this decision was later put on hold and was never actually implemented.[113] The longer boundary lines are touchlines, while the shorter boundaries (on which the goals are placed) are goal lines. A rectangular goal is positioned on each goal line, midway between the two touchlines. [114] The inner edges of the vertical goal posts must be 7. 32 m (24 ft) apart, and the lower edge of the horizontal crossbar supported by the goal posts must be 2. 44 m (8 ft) above the ground. Nets are usually placed behind the goal, but are not required by the Laws.[115] In front of the goal is the penalty area. This area is marked by the goal line, two lines starting on the goal line 16. 5 m (18 yd) from the goalposts and extending 16. 5 m (18 yd) into the pitch perpendicular to the goal line, and a line joining them. This area has a number of functions, the most prominent being to mark where the goalkeeper may handle the ball and where a penalty foul by a member of the defending team becomes punishable by a penalty kick. Other markings define the position of the ball or players at kick-offs, goal kicks, penalty kicks and corner kicks.[116] Duration and tie-breaking methods 90-minute ordinary time A standard adult football match consists of two halves of 45 minutes each. Each half runs continuously, meaning that the clock is not stopped when the ball is out of play. There is usually a 15-minute half-time break between halves. The end of the match is known as full-time. [117] The referee is the official timekeeper for the match, and may make an allowance for time lost through substitutions, injured players requiring attention, or other stoppages. This added time is called "additional time" in FIFA documents,[118][119] but is most commonly referred to as stoppage time or injury time, while lost time can also be used as a synonym. The duration of stoppage time is at the sole discretion of the referee. Stoppage time does not fully compensate for the time in which the ball is out of play, and a 90-minute game typically involves about an hour of "effective playing time". [120][121] The referee alone signals the end of the match. In matches where a fourth official is appointed, towards the end of the half, the referee signals how many minutes of stoppage time they intend to add. The fourth official then informs the players and spectators by holding up a board showing this number. The signalled stoppage time may be further extended by the referee. [117] Added time was introduced because of an incident which happened in 1891 during a match between Stoke and Aston Villa. Trailing 1–0 with two minutes remaining, Stoke were awarded a penalty kick. Villa's goalkeeper deliberately kicked the ball out of play; by the time it was recovered, the clock had run out and the game was over, leaving Stoke unable to attempt the penalty. [122] The same law also states that the duration of either half is extended until the penalty kick to be taken or retaken is completed; thus, no game can end with an uncompleted penalty.[123]Tie-breaking Most knockout competitions use a penalty shootout to decide the winner if a match ends as a draw In league competitions, games may end in a draw. In knockout competitions where a winner is required, various methods may be employed to break such a deadlock; some competitions may invoke replays. [124] A game tied at the end of regulation time may go into extra time, which consists of two further 15-minute periods. If the score is still tied after extra time, some competitions allow the use of penalty shootouts (known officially in the Laws of the Game as "kicks from the penalty mark") to determine which team will progress to the next stage of the tournament or be the champion. Goals scored during extra time periods count towards the final score of the game, but kicks from the penalty mark are only used to decide the team that progresses to the next part of the tournament, with goals scored in a penalty shootout not making up part of the final score.[5] In competitions using two-legged matches, each team competes at home once, with an aggregate score from the two matches deciding which team progresses. Where aggregates are equal, the away goals rule may be used to determine the winners, in which case the winner is the team that scored the most goals in the leg they played away from home. If the result is still equal, extra time and potentially a penalty shootout are required.[5] Ball in and out of play A player takes a free kick, while the opposition form a "wall" to try to block the ball Under the Laws, the two basic states of play during a game are ball in play and ball out of play. From the beginning of each playing period with a kick-off until the end of the playing period, the ball is in play at all times, except when either the ball leaves the field of play, or play is stopped by the referee. When the ball becomes out of play, play is restarted by one of eight restart methods depending on how it went out of play: Kick-off: following a goal by the opposing team, or to begin each period of play.[90] Throw-in: when the ball has crossed the touchline; awarded to the opposing team to that which last touched the ball.[125] Goal kick: when the ball has wholly crossed the goal line without a goal having been scored and having last been touched by a player of the attacking team; awarded to defending team.[126] Corner kick: when the ball has wholly crossed the goal line without a goal having been scored and having last been touched by a player of the defending team; awarded to attacking team.[127] Indirect free kick: awarded to the opposing team following "non-penal" fouls, certain technical infringements, or when play is stopped to caution or dismiss an opponent without a specific foul having occurred. A goal may not be scored directly (without the ball first touching another player) from an indirect free kick.[128] Direct free kick: awarded to fouled team following certain listed "penal" fouls. [128] A goal may be scored directly from a direct free kick. A goal may be scored directly from a direct free kick. Penalty kick: awarded to the fouled team following a foul usually punishable by a direct free kick but that has occurred within their opponent's penalty area.[129] Dropped-ball: occurs when the referee has stopped play for any other reason, such as a serious injury to a player, interference by an external party, or a ball becoming defective. [90]MisconductOn-field Players are cautioned with a yellow card, and dismissed from the game with a red card. These colours were first introduced at the 1970 FIFA World Cup and used consistently since. A foul occurs when a player commits an offence listed in the Laws of the Game while the ball is in play. The offences that constitute a foul are listed in Law 12. Handling the ball deliberately, tripping an opponent, or pushing an opponent, are examples of "penal fouls", punishable by a direct free kick or penalty kick depending on where the offence occurred. Other fouls are punishable by an indirect free kick.[88] The referee may punish a player's or substitute's misconduct by a caution (yellow card) or dismissal (red card). A second yellow card in the same game leads to a red card, which results in a dismissal. A player given a yellow card is said to have been "booked", the referee writing the player's name in their official notebook. If a player has been dismissed, no substitute can be brought on in their place and the player may not participate in further play. Misconduct may occur at any time, and while the offences that constitute misconduct are listed, the definitions are broad. In particular, the offence of "unsporting behaviour" may be used to deal with most events that violate the spirit of the game, even if they are not listed as specific offences. A referee can show a yellow or red card to a player, substitute, substituted player, and to non-players such as managers and support staff.[88][130] Rather than stopping play, the referee may allow play to continue if doing so will benefit the team against which an offence has been committed. This is known as "playing an advantage". [131] The referee may "call back" play and penalise the original offence if the anticipated advantage does not ensue within "a few seconds". Even if an offence is not penalised due to advantage being played, the offender may still be sanctioned for misconduct at the next stoppage of play.[132] The referee's decision in all on-pitch matters is considered final. [133] The score of a match cannot be altered after the game, even if later evidence shows that decisions (including awards/non-awards of goals) were incorrect. Off-field Along with the general administration of the sport, football associations and competition organisers also enforce good conduct in wider aspects of the game, dealing with issues such as comments to the press, clubs' financial management, doping, age fraud and match fixing. Most competitions enforce mandatory suspensions for players who are sent off in a game. [134] Some on-field incidents, if considered very serious (such as allegations of racial abuse), may result in competitions deciding to impose heavier sanctions than those normally associated with a red card. [e] Some associations allow for appeals against player suspensions incurred on-field if clubs feel a referee was incorrect or unduly harsh.[134] Sanctions for such infractions may be levied on individuals or on clubs as a whole. Penalties may include fines, point deductions (in league competitions) or even expulsion from competitions. For example, the English Football League deduct 12 points from any team that enters financial administration. [135] Among other administrative sanctions are penalties against game forfeiture. Teams that had forfeited a game or had been forfeited against would be awarded a technical loss or win. Governing bodies Headquarters of FIFA, the world governing body of football The recognised international governing body of football (and associated games, such as futsal and beach soccer)[d] is FIFA. The FIFA headquarters are located in Zürich, Switzerland. Six regional confederations are associated with FIFA; these are:[136] National associations (or national federations) oversee football within individual countries. These are generally synonymous with sovereign states (for example, the Cameroonian Football Federation in Cameroon), but also include a smaller number of associations responsible for sub-national entities or autonomous regions (for example, the Scottish Football Association in Scotland). 211 national associations are affiliated both with FIFA and with their respective continental confederations.[136] While FIFA is responsible for arranging competitions and most rules related to international competition, the actual Laws of the Game are set by the IFAB, where each of the UK Associations has one vote, while FIFA collectively has four votes.[42] International competitions The FIFA World Cup is the largest international competition in football and the world's most viewed sporting event International competitions in association football principally consist of two varieties: competitions involving representative national teams or those involving clubs based in multiple nations and national leagues. International football, without qualification, most often refers to the former. In the case of international club competition, it is the country of origin of the clubs involved, not the nationalities of their players, that renders the competition international in nature. The major international competition in football is the World Cup, organised by FIFA. This competition has taken place every four years since 1930, with the exception of the 1942 and 1946 tournaments, which were cancelled because of World War II. Approximately 190–200 national teams compete in qualifying tournaments within the scope of continental confederations for a place in the finals. The finals tournament, held every four years, involves 32 national teams competing over a four-week period. [f] The World Cup is the most prestigious association football tournament as well as the most widely viewed and followed sporting event in the world, exceeding even the Olympic Games; the cumulative audience of all matches of the 2006 FIFA World Cup was estimated to be 26. 29 billion with an estimated 715. 1 million people watching the final match, a ninth of the entire population of the planet. [137][138][139][140] The current champions are Argentina, who won their third title at the 2022 tournament in Qatar. [141] The FIFA Women's World Cup has been held every four years since 1991. Under the tournament's current format, national teams vie for 31 slots in a three-year qualification phase, with the host nation's team entering automatically as the 32nd slot. The current champions are the United States, after winning their fourth title in the 2019 tournament. Spanish footballers Fernando Torres, Juan Mata, and Sergio Ramos celebrating winning the UEFA European Championship There has been a football tournament at every Summer Olympic Games since 1900, except at the 1932 games in Los Angeles. [142] Before the inception of the World Cup, the Olympics (especially during the 1920s) were the most prestigious international event. Originally, the tournament was for amateurs only. [41] As professionalism spread around the world, the gap in quality between the World Cup and the Olympics widened. The countries that benefited most were the Soviet Bloc countries of Eastern Europe, where top athletes were state-sponsored while retaining their status as amateurs. Between 1948 and 1980, 23 out of 27 Olympic medals were won by Eastern Europe, with only Sweden (gold in 1948 and bronze in 1952), Denmark (bronze in 1948 and silver in 1960) and Japan (bronze in 1968) breaking their dominance. For the 1984 Los Angeles Games, the IOC decided to admit professional players. Since 1992, male competitors must be under 23 years old, although since 1996, three players over the age of 23 have been allowed per squad. A women's tournament was added in 1996; in contrast to the men's event, full international sides without age restrictions play the women's Olympic tournament.[143] After the World Cup, the most important international football competitions are the continental championships, which are organised by each continental confederation and contested between national teams. These are the European Championship (UEFA), the Copa América (CONMEBOL), the African Cup of Nations (CAF), the Asian Cup (AFC), the CONCACAF Gold Cup (CONCACAF) and the OFC Nations Cup (OFC). The FIFA Confederations Cup was contested by the winners of all six continental championships, the current FIFA World Cup champions and the country which was hosting the next World Cup. This was generally regarded as a warm-up tournament for the upcoming FIFA World Cup and did not carry the same prestige as the World Cup itself. The tournament was discontinued following the 2017 edition. The UEFA Nations League and the CONCACAF Nations League also exist. The most prestigious competitions in club football are the respective continental championships, which are generally contested between national champions, for example, the UEFA Champions League in Europe and the Copa Libertadores in South America. The winners of each continental competition contest the FIFA Club World Cup.[144] Domestic competitions The governing bodies in each country operate league systems in a domestic season, normally comprising several divisions, in which the teams gain points throughout the season depending on results. Teams are placed into tables, placing them in order according to points accrued. Most commonly, each team plays every other team in its league at home and away in each season, in a round-robin tournament. At the end of a season, the top team is declared the champion. The top few teams may be promoted to a higher division, and one or more of the teams finishing at the bottom are relegated to a lower division.[146] The teams finishing at the top of a country's league may also be eligible to play in international club competitions in the following season. The main exceptions to this system occur in some Latin American leagues, which divide football championships into two sections named Apertura and Clausura (Spanish for Opening and Closing), awarding a champion for each. [147] The majority of countries supplement the league system with one or more "cup" competitions organised on a knock-out basis. Some countries' top divisions feature highly paid star players; in smaller countries, lower divisions, and most of women's clubs, players may be part-timers with a second job, or amateurs. The five top European leagues – Premier League (England),[148] Bundesliga (Germany), La Liga (Spain), Serie A (Italy), and Ligue 1 (France) – attract most of the world's best players and, during the 2006-07 season, each of these leagues had a total wage cost in excess of €600 million.[149]See alsoNotes Listen to this article ( 30 minutes ) ( ) , and does not reflect subsequent edits. This audio file was created from a revision of this article dated 5 September 2007, and does not reflect subsequent edits. {nl} |
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